AFRO 005 Framing Question 4-4: The last of four discussions of Framing Question 4 ————— By the mid 19th century, Europeans and those of their former colonies controlled by Whites (e.g. the U.S., Brazil, et. al.) began to systematically dispossess Africans of natural resources (African colonialism) and reconfigure African labor from chattel slavery to debt peonage (Western Hemisphere) in a world system. Improved international communications networks, or what some scholars have called “The Practice of Diaspora,” enabled Africans to begin to see themselves as part of an oppositional African world, even as they struggled against local social, economic, political and cultural racial oppressions in their perspective sites of resistance. -------------- Please note that many of the required books (as well as many of the books mentioned during lecture) for AFRO 005 may be purchased at Sankofa Bookstore (links below). The required books for this course are as follows: Armah, Ayi Kwei, “The Eloquence of the Scribes” Black, Daniel P., “The Coming” Robinson, Cedric J., “Black Movements in America” : https://www.events.sankofa.com/blank-2/black-movements-in-america Smallwood, Arwin, Ed., “The Atlas of African-American History and Politics” Soyinka, Wole, “Of Africa”: https://www.events.sankofa.com/blank-2/of-africa wa Thiongo, Ngugi, “Something Torn and New”: https://www.events.sankofa.com/blank-2/something-torn-and-new-an-african-renaissance

AFRO 005 Framing Question 4-3: The third of four discussions of Framing Question 4 ————— By the mid 19th century, Europeans and those of their former colonies controlled by Whites (e.g. the U.S., Brazil, et. al.) began to systematically dispossess Africans of natural resources (African colonialism) and reconfigure African labor from chattel slavery to debt peonage (Western Hemisphere) in a world system. Improved international communications networks, or what some scholars have called “The Practice of Diaspora,” enabled Africans to begin to see themselves as part of an oppositional African world, even as they struggled against local social, economic, political and cultural racial oppressions in their perspective sites of resistance. -------------- Please note that many of the required books (as well as many of the books mentioned during lecture) for AFRO 005 may be purchased at Sankofa Bookstore (links below). The required books for this course are as follows: Armah, Ayi Kwei, “The Eloquence of the Scribes” Black, Daniel P., “The Coming” Robinson, Cedric J., “Black Movements in America” : https://www.events.sankofa.com/blank-2/black-movements-in-america Smallwood, Arwin, Ed., “The Atlas of African-American History and Politics” Soyinka, Wole, “Of Africa”: https://www.events.sankofa.com/blank-2/of-africa wa Thiongo, Ngugi, “Something Torn and New”: https://www.events.sankofa.com/blank-2/something-torn-and-new-an-african-renaissance

AFRO 005 Framing Question 4-2: The second of four discussions of Framing Question 4 ————— By the mid 19th century, Europeans and those of their former colonies controlled by Whites (e.g. the U.S., Brazil, et. al.) began to systematically dispossess Africans of natural resources (African colonialism) and reconfigure African labor from chattel slavery to debt peonage (Western Hemisphere) in a world system. Improved international communications networks, or what some scholars have called “The Practice of Diaspora,” enabled Africans to begin to see themselves as part of an oppositional African world, even as they struggled against local social, economic, political and cultural racial oppressions in their perspective sites of resistance. -------------- Please note that many of the required books (as well as many of the books mentioned during lecture) for AFRO 005 may be purchased at Sankofa Bookstore (links below). The required books for this course are as follows: Armah, Ayi Kwei, “The Eloquence of the Scribes” Black, Daniel P., “The Coming” Robinson, Cedric J., “Black Movements in America” : https://www.events.sankofa.com/blank-2/black-movements-in-america Smallwood, Arwin, Ed., “The Atlas of African-American History and Politics” Soyinka, Wole, “Of Africa”: https://www.events.sankofa.com/blank-2/of-africa wa Thiongo, Ngugi, “Something Torn and New”: https://www.events.sankofa.com/blank-2/something-torn-and-new-an-african-renaissance

AFRO 005 Framing Question 4-1: The first of four discussions of Framing Question 4 ---------- By the mid 19th century, Europeans and those of their former colonies controlled by Whites (e.g. the U.S., Brazil, et. al.) began to systematically dispossess Africans of natural resources (African colonialism) and reconfigure African labor from chattel slavery to debt peonage (Western Hemisphere) in a world system. Improved international communications networks, or what some scholars have called “The Practice of Diaspora,” enabled Africans to begin to see themselves as part of an oppositional African world, even as they struggled against local social, economic, political and cultural racial oppressions in their perspective sites of resistance. ---------- Please note that many of the required books (as well as many of the books mentioned during lecture) for AFRO 005 may be purchased at Sankofa Bookstore (links below). The required books for this course are as follows: Armah, Ayi Kwei, “The Eloquence of the Scribes” Black, Daniel P., “The Coming” Robinson, Cedric J., “Black Movements in America” : https://www.events.sankofa.com/blank-2/black-movements-in-america Smallwood, Arwin, Ed., “The Atlas of African-American History and Politics” Soyinka, Wole, “Of Africa”: https://www.events.sankofa.com/blank-2/of-africa wa Thiongo, Ngugi, “Something Torn and New”: https://www.events.sankofa.com/blank-2/something-torn-and-new-an-african-renaissance